Most hackers come over the top for many reasons, one being poor pivot and lack of any axis tilt. Their right shoulder comes out instead of down. Without any hip slide they produce no axis tilt. Many times they are trying to control the clubface and they have uneducated hands. As far as when I come over the top the ball starts left and then depends on clubface alignments after that.

A/ Not understanding the work of the (whole) right arm.

B/ I dont!

Do what? With my what?
 

They don't understand axis tilt. Everything is moving so fast (downswing blackout) that a 2 inch bump is too fine of a movement at that stage. That right shoulder is itching to do something...they are trying to hit it
"straight" so everything moves left.

Speaking of over the top!
 

The worst move I ever saw was a guy that came over the top so much so that he did indeed miss the ball...his club got stuck in the ground then rebounded straight left and hit his ankle...man down...no kidding. I would have helped him up but I was doubled over at the time:laughing9 Same guy...same day... super-toed one that hit a tee marker causing the rest of us to hit the dirt! Company scramble tournaments can be dangerous:confused1

how about........
 

How about they don't maintain a flat left wrist, have lost their clubhead lag pressure point and they fail to trace a straight plane line. Just a guess though :happy3:

Have you ever hit the ball hard coming over the top?

over and down captain
 

perhaps since the over the top move has more "down" to it. The "down" adds more pressure to the ball......

Ahhh . . . . Why does it have more down?

more and less
 

more down with less out. more down because of less axis tilt. less axis tilt because of little parallal to target line hip action on startdown. pivot controlled hands perhaps? Am I getting warmer, Bucket?

What does it mean as far as body parts go to have "less axis tilt"? I'm not sure you're getting warmer because I ain't exactly sure where we're gonna end up :happy3: